Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is defined as a reading of 140/90 mmHg or higher. It’s common and often asymptomatic, making regular blood pressure checks essential. Risk factors include older age, genetics, obesity, physical inactivity, high salt intake, and excessive alcohol consumption. Lifestyle changes—such as adopting a healthier diet, quitting tobacco, and increasing physical activity—can help lower blood pressure, though some individuals may also require medication.
To lower high blood pressure, lifestyle changes are essential
Eating a healthy, low-salt diet
Losing weight
Increasing physical activity
Quitting tobacco
If lifestyle changes aren’t enough, doctors may prescribe medications based on individual health conditions.
Recommended blood pressure goals
Less than 130/80 mmHg for individuals with cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, or high cardiovascular risk.
Less than 140/90 mmHg for most others.
Common blood pressure medications
ACE inhibitors
to relax blood vessels.
Angiotensin-2 receptor blockers (ARBs)
for vessel relaxation.
for vessel relaxation.
Calcium channel blockers
to relax blood vessels.
Diuretics
to reduce fluid volume.
to reduce fluid volume.